Frameworks for Analysis

Frameworks for Analysis

Representation  
Refers to the processes of constructing images of different people, places and ideas in films.

Messages and Values 
Refers to the way messages and values are communicated to film audiences.

Genre 
Refers to the process of classifying films as being of one type or another by audiences and institutions. Generic codes and conventions are employed in the construction of films, enabling the audience to label and categorise them. 

Narrative 
Refers to the development of a ‘story’, the roles and relationships of the characters within it, the situations and dilemmas they confront and the methods utilised for problem-solving within narratives.

Theme 
 Refers to the overarching ideas conveyed in a film. Examples of common film themes include moral dilemmas, conflict, racism, love, betrayal and redemption (issues that the character is going through).

Style
 Refers to the deployment of techniques in film production – for example the use of chiaroscuro lighting in film noir (strong tonal contrasts between light and dark). 

Authorship
This refers to different conceptualisations of authorship – this can be applied to directors, producers, cinematographers, sound designers and stars together with the influence of different types of film companies and production studios.

Micro-technical Elements

Cinematography
The use of camera shots, angle, movement, composition and lighting.

Editing
The organisation of sequences to construct meaning. This should include transition of image and sound, continuity and non-continuity systems, cutting.

Sound
Diegetic and non-diegetic sound, synchronous/asynchronous sound, sound effects, sound motifs, sound bridge, dialogue, voiceover, mode of address/direct address, sound mixing, sound perspective and soundtrack.

Mise-en-scene
Production design, location, studio, set design, costumer and make-up, properties, colour design, casting.

Imperial Dreams (2014)


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